New academic research is examining how earlier societies used the past to form ideas about identity which continue to affect our present.
Despite identifying about 6,000 world languages, the UN estimates that 2,500 are endangered and 200 completely lost. Through the World Oral Literature project, linguists are therefore trying to record and digitally preserve languages on the verge of extinction.
Calls for greater participation of the world's indigenous leaders are on the rise as talks about what to do about climate change gather pace. Meanwhile, indigenous rights groups are amplifying their efforts to protect the very last "uncontacted" tribes.